Chapter 1 

1 Paul a slave of Christ Jesus, called as an apostle who has been separated to the gospel of God, 2 which he promised beforehand through his prophets in holy writings concerning his Son who came of the seed of David according to the flesh, 4 designated Son of God with power according to the Spirit of holiness by a resurrection of dead persons, Jesus Christ our Lord, through whom we received grace and apostleship for obedience of faith among all the nations on behalf of his name, among whom you are also called of Jesus Christ, 7 to all those in Rome who are beloved of God, called holy, “Grace to you and peace” from God our Father and Lord Jesus Christ.

8 Firstly, I thank my God through Jesus Christ concerning you all, because your faith is being announced in all the world. 9 For God is my witness, whom I serve in my spirit in the gospel of his Son, how unceasingly I make mention of you 10 always in my prayers, requesting if somehow now at some time in the will of God I shall have a happy journey to come unto you. 11 For I long to see you, that I may impart some spiritual gift to you that you may be established, 12 and that I may be encouraged among you through your faith and mine that is in one another. 13 But I wish you to not be ignorant, brothers, that I often purposed to come unto you, and was hindered until the present, that I may also have some fruit among you as indeed I have among the remaining nations. 14 I am a debtor both to Greeks and to foreigners, both to wise men and to foolish; 15 so as far as it lies in me I am eager to also preach to you who are in Rome. 16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel; for it is the power of God to salvation to everyone who believes, both to Jew firstly and to Greek. 17 For a righteousness of God is revealed in it from faith to faith, as it has been written, “Now the just man will live by faith.”

18 For God's wrath is revealed from heaven against all impiety and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness, because what is known about God is manifest among them; for God manifested it. 20 For from the creation of the world his invisible things are clearly seen and understood by the things that were made, both his everlasting power and divinity, so that they are without excuse, 21 because while they knew God they did not glorify or thank him, but became vain in their reasonings, and their undiscerning hearts were darkened. 22 Asserting to be wise they became foolish, 23 and changed the glory of the incorruptible God into a likeness of an image of corruptible man and birds and quadrupeds and reptiles; 24 wherefore God gave them up in the desires of their hearts to uncleanness to dishonor their bodies among themselves, 25 who changed the truth of God into the lie, and worshipped and served the creature rather than the one who created them, who is blessed unto the ages:  Amen. 26 Therefore God gave them up to dishonorable passions; for even their females changed the natural use to that against nature, 27 and likewise the males, who, leaving the natural use of the female, burned in their desires toward one another, males among males working the unseemliness and receiving back in themselves the requital which their error required. 28 And as they did not think fit to keep God in knowledge, God gave them up to a reprobate mind, to do the things that are not proper, 29 having been filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, covetousness, evil; full of envy, murder, strife, guile, malignity; whisperers, railers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant, boasters; inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, 31 undiscerning, faithless, without natural affection, unmerciful; 32 who knowing the ordinance of God, that those who practice such things are worthy of death, not only do them, but also consent to those who practice them.

Chapter 2

Wherefore you are inexcusable, o man who judges everyone; for in what you judge the other, you condemn yourself; for you practice the same things that you judge. 2 But we know that the judgment of God is according to truth on the ones who practice such things. 3 And do you reckon this, o man who judges those who practice such things and does them yourself, that you will escape the judgment of God? 4 Or do you despise the riches of his kindness and forbearance and longsuffering, not knowing that the kindness of God leads you to repentance? 5 But according to your hardness and impenitent heart you store up wrath for yourself in a day of wrath and revelation of a righteous judgment of God, 6 who will requite to each man according to his works: 7 on one hand to those who by endurance in good work seek glory and honor and incorruption, eternal life; 8 on the other to those who are self-seeking and disobey the truth but obey unrighteousness, wrath and anger. 9 Affliction and anguish on every soul of man who works the evil, both of Jew first and of Greek; 10 but glory and honor and peace to everyone who works the good, both to Jew first and to Greek. 11 For respect of persons is not with God. 12 For as many as sinned without law will also perish without law; and as many as sinned under law will be judged through law; 13 for the hearers of law are not just with God, but the doers of law will be justified, (14 for whenever nations that do not have law do by nature the things of the law, these who do not have the law are a law to themselves; 15 who show the work of the law written in their hearts, witnessing with their consciences and their thoughts among themselves accusing and even excusing between one another,) 16 in the day God judges the hidden things of men through Christ Jesus according to my gospel. 17 But if you are named a Jew and rest on law and boast in God 18 and approve the things that are instructed out of the law, 19 and have persuaded yourself that you are a guide of blind persons, a light of those who are in darkness, 20 and instructor of foolish persons, a teacher of infants, who has the form of knowledge and the truth in the law: 21 therefore do you who teach another not teach yourself?  Do you who proclaims not to steal steal yourself? 22 Do you who says not to commit adultery commit adultery yourself?  Do you who detests idols rob temples? 23 Do you who boasts in law dishonor God through transgression?  “For the name of God is blasphemed among the nations because of you,” as it has been written. 25 For indeed circumcision profits if you practice it; but if you are a transgressor of law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision. 26 If therefore the uncircumcision keeps the ordinances of the law, will not his uncircumcision be reckoned for circumcision? 27 And those who are uncircumcision by nature but keep the law will judge you the transgressor of law through letter and circumcision. 28 For he is not the Jew in the open, nor the circumcision in the outward flesh; 29 but the Jew is in secret, and circumcision is of heart in spirit, not letter, of whom the praise is not from men but from God.

Chapter 3

What therefore is the advantage of the Jew, or what is the profit of circumcision? 2 Much by every way.  For indeed primarily because they were entrusted with the oracles of God. 3 For what if some disbelieved?  Will their unbelief destroy the faith of God? 4 May it not be; but let God be true, and every man a liar, as it has been written, “So that you may be justified in your sayings and will overcome when you are judged.” 5 Now if our unrighteousness commends a righteousness of God, what shall we say?  Is God who inflicts wrath unrighteous? I speak according to man. 6 May it not be; otherwise how will God judge the world? 7 But if the truth of God abounded by my lie to his glory, why am I also still judged as a sinner? 8 And why not, as we are blasphemed and as some say that we say, “Let us do evil things that good things may come?”  Their judgment is just. 9 What therefore?  Do we excel? Not at all; for we previously accused both Jew and Greek to be under sin, as it has been written, “There is not a righteous man, not one, there is not one who understands, 11 there in not one who seeks God; 12 all turned away, and together became unprofitable; there is not one who does kindness, there is not so much as one. 13 A grave has been opened in their throats, they acted deceitfully with their tongues; 14 of whom their mouths are full of cursing and bitterness; 15 their feet swift to shed blood, 16 ruin and misery in their ways, 17 and they did not know a way of peace. 18 There is not fear of God before their eyes.” 19 But we know that whatever things the law says to those in the law, it speaks in order that every mouth may be stopped and all the world may become under judgment to God; 20 because by the works of the law no flesh will be justified before him; for through the law is full knowledge of sin.

21 But now a righteousness of God has been manifested without law, being witnessed by the law and the prophets, and a righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ, to all those who believe; for there is no difference; 23 for all sinned and come short of the glory of God, 24 but are justified freely by his grace through the redemption in Christ Jesus; 25 whom God set forth as a propitiation through faith by his blood, for a showing forth of his righteousness because of the passing by of sins that have previously occurred 26 in the forbearance of God, for the showing forth of his righteousness in the present time, that he should be just and the justifier of those of faith in Jesus. 27 Where therefore is the boasting?  It was shut out.  Through what law? Of works? No, but through a law of faith. 28 For we reckon a man to be justified by faith without works of law. 29 Or is he the God of Jews only? Is he not also of nations?  Yes, also of nations, since there is one God who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith. 31 Do we therefore destroy the law through faith?  May it not be; but we establish law.

Chapter 4

What therefore shall we say that Abraham, our father according to flesh, had found? 2 For if Abraham was justified by works, he has a boast; but not with God. 3 For what does the scripture say?  “And Abraham believed God, and it was reckoned to him for righteousness.” 4 Now the reward is not reckoned to the one who works according to grace , but according to debt; but to the one who does not work, 5 but believes on the one who justifies the impious man, his faith is reckoned for righteousness, 6 even as also David speaks of the blessedness of the man to whom God reckons righteousness without works, 7 “Blessed are they of whom their lawlessnesses are forgiven and of whom their sins were covered over; 8 blessed is a man to whom the Lord will by no means reckon sin.” 9 Is this blessedness then on the circumcision or also on the uncircumcision? For we say, “His faith was reckoned for righteousness to Abraham.” 10 How was it reckoned then?  When he was in circumcision, or in uncircumcision?  Not in circumcision, but in uncircumcision; 11 and he received a sign of circumcision as a seal of the righteousness of the faith while in uncircumcision, so that he should be a father of all those who believe through uncircumcision, that righteousness should be reckoned to them, 12 and a father of circumcision to those not only of circumcision but also to those who walk in the steps of the faith of our father Abraham while he was uncircumcised. 13 For the promise to Abraham or to his seed, that he should be heir of the world, was not through law but through a righteousness of faith. 14 For if heirs are of law, faith has been emptied and the promise has been destroyed; 15 for the law works wrath; and where there is not law, neither is there transgression. 16 Therefore it is of faith, in order that it may be according to grace, so that the promise shall be firm to all the seed, not to the seed of the law only, but also to the seed of the faith of Abraham, who is father of us all, 17 as it has been written, “I have appointed you a father of many nations,” before God whom he believed, the one who quickens the dead and calls the things that are not as being; 18 who beyond hope believed on hope, so that he should become a father of many nations according to the thing that was said, “So shall be your seed;” and not weakening in faith, he considered his body to have died, being about a hundred years, and the death of Sarah's womb; 20 but he did not decide against the promise of God by unbelief, but was empowered by faith, giving glory to God 21 and being fully persuaded that what he has promised he is able to do. 22 Wherefore it was also reckoned to him for righteousness. 23 Now it was not written because of him only that it was reckoned to him, 24 but also because of us, to whom it is about to be reckoned, to those who believe on the one who has raised Jesus our Lord out of the dead, 25 who was delivered because of our offences, and was raised because of our justification.

Chapter 5

Therefore having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ, 2 through whom we also have had the access by faith into this grace in which we stand, and boast on the hope of the glory of God. 3 And not only so, but we also boast in afflictions, knowing that affliction works patience, 4 and patience proof, and proof hope; 5 and hope does not put to shame, because God's love has been poured out in our hearts through the Holy Spirit given to us; 6 indeed when we were yet weak Christ died at the right time on behalf of the impious. 7 For hardly on behalf of a just man will anyone die; for perhaps someone even dares to die on behalf of the good man; 8 but God commends his love to us that while we were yet sinners Christ died on our behalf. 9 Therefore, now that we have been justified by his blood, we shall by much more be saved from his wrath through him. 10 For if we, who were enemies, were reconciled to God through the death of his Son, we who have been reconciled shall by much more be save by his life; 11 and not only so, but we boast in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we now received the reconciliation.

12 Therefore as sin entered into the world through one man, and through sin death, so also death passed to all men, inasmuch as all sinned; 13 for until law sin was in the world, but sin is not reckoned to be sin when there is no law; 14 but death reigned from Adam until Moses even over those who did not sin on the likeness of Adam's transgression, who is a type of the one who was to come. 15 But the free gift is not the same as the offence; for if by the offence of the one many died, by much more the grace of God and the gift in grace of the man Jesus Christ abounded to the many. 16 And the gift is not as through one man sinning; on one hand the judgment is of one offence to condemnation, on the other the free gift is to justification of many offences. 17 For if by the offence of the one man death reigned through the one man, by much more those who receive the abundance of the grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the one man Jesus Christ. 18 So therefore as through one offence condemnation came to all men, so also through one righteous act justification of life came to all men; 19 for as through the disobedience of one man the many were constituted sinners, so also through the obedience of one man the many will be constituted righteous. 20 But law entered in order that the offence might abound; but where sin abounded, grace abounded more, 21 in order that as sin reigned by death, so also grace might reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.

Chapter 6

What therefore shall we say?  My we continue in sin, in order that grace may abound? 2 May it not be.  We who died to sin, how yet shall we live in it? 3 Or are you ignorant that as many of us as were baptized into Christ Jesus, we were baptized into his death? 4 Therefore, we were buried with him through baptism into death, in order that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so also we might walk in newness of life. 5 For if we have become united with him in the likeness of his death, so we shall also be of his resurrection; 6 knowing this, that our old man was crucified with him, in order that the body of sin might be destroyed, that we should no longer serve sin; for the one who has died has been justified from sin. 8 But if we died with Christ we believe that we shall also live with him, 9 knowing that Christ who has been raised from the dead dies no more, death no more lords it over him. 10 For in that he died, he died once to sin; but in that he lives, he lives to God. 11 So also reckon you yourselves to be dead indeed to sin, but living to God in Christ Jesus. 12 Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body to obey its lusts, 13 neither present your members as weapons of unrighteousness to sin, but present yourselves to God as they who are alive from the dead, and your members as weapons of righteousness to God, 14 for sin shall not lord it over you; for you are not under law but under grace. 15 What therefore?  May we sin, because we are not under law but under grace?  May it not be. 16 Do you not know that to whom you present yourselves as slaves for obedience, you are slaves to whom you obey, whether of sin to death or of obedience to righteousness? 17 But thanks to God that you were slaves to sin, but you obeyed out of the heart a form of teaching which was delivered to you, 18 and when you were freed from sin you were enslaved to righteousness. 19 I speak humanly because of the weakness of your flesh.  For as you presented your members as slaves to uncleanness and to iniquity unto iniquity, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness unto sanctification. 20 For when you were slaves of sin, you were free from righteousness. 21 What fruit therefore did you have then?  Over which things you are now ashamed; for the end of those things is death. 22 But now that you have been freed from sin and have been enslaved to God, you have your fruit to sanctification, and the end is eternal life. 23 For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Chapter 7

Or are you ignorant, brothers, for I speak to those who know the law, that the law lords it over the man over such time as he is alive? 2 For the woman married to the living husband has been bound by law; but if the husband dies, she has been discharged from the law of the husband. 3 Therefore, while the husband lives she will be called an adulteress if she becomes married to a different husband; but if the husband dies, she is free from the law, so that she is not an adulteress if she has become married to a different husband. 4 So, my brothers, you also were put to death to the law through the body of Christ, that you might belong to a different husband, to the one who has been raised from the dead, in order that we may bear fruit to God. 5 For when we were in the flesh, the passions of sins operated through the law in our members to bear fruit to death; 6 but now were discharged from the law, having died to that in which were held fast, so that we might serve in newness of spirit and not in oldness of letter. 7 What therefore shall we say? Is the law sin?  May it not be; I would not know sin yet except through the law; for I also did not know lust except the law said, “You shall not lust;” 8 but sin, taking occasion through the commandment, wrought every lust in me; for without law sin is dead. 9 And I was living without law then; but when the commandment came sin revived 10 and I died, and the commandment meant for life was found to be death to me; 11 for sin, taking occasion through the commandment, deceived me, and through it killed me. 12 So the law is holy, and the commandment holy and just and good. 13 Therefore, did the good become death to me?  May it not be; yet sin, in order that it might appear sin, has worked death to me through the good, in order that sin might become excessively sinful through the commandment. 14 For we know that the law is spiritual; but I am fleshly, sold under sin. 15 For I do not know what I work; for I practice what I do not wish, and I do this that I hate. 16 But if I do this that I do not wish, I agree with the law that it is good. 17 But now I no longer work it, but the sin that dwells within me. 18 For I know that nothing good dwells in me, this is in my flesh; for to wish is present to me, but to work the good is not; 19 for I do not do the good that I wish, but I practice this evil that I do not wish. 20 But if I do this that I do not wish, I no longer work it, but the sin that dwells in me. 21 I find then the law to me that when I wish to do the good 22 the evil is present with me; for I delight in the law of God according to the inner man, 23 but I see a different law in my members warring against the law of my mind and taking me captive by the law of sin that is in my members. 24 I am a wretched man; who will deliver me from the body of this death? 25 Thanks to God through Jesus Christ our Lord.  So then on the one hand I myself serve the law of God with my mind, on the other the law of sin with my flesh.

Chapter 8

Then there is now no condemnation to those in Christ Jesus. For the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus freed you from the law of sin and of death. 3 For the impossible thing for the law, in which it was weak through the flesh, God did sending his Son in likeness of sinful flesh and concerning sin condemned sin in the flesh, 4 in order that the ordinance of the law may be fulfilled in us who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the spirit. 5 For those who live according to flesh mind the things of the flesh, but those who live according to Spirit the things of the Spirit. 6 For the mind of the flesh is death, but the mind of the Spirit is life and peace. 7 Wherefore the mind of the flesh is enmity against God; for it is not subject to the law of God, neither can it be; 8 and those who are in flesh cannot please God. 9 But you are not in flesh but in Spirit, since the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, this one is not His. 10 But if Christ is in you, on one hand the body is dead because of sin, on the other the spirit is life because of righteousness. 11 But if the Spirit of the one who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, the one who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also quicken your mortal bodies through the indwelling of his Spirit in you.

12 So then, brothers, we are debtors, not to the flesh to live according to the flesh. 13 For if you live according to the flesh, you are about to die; but if by the spirit you put to death the practices of the body, you will live. 14 For as many as are led by the Spirit, these are sons of God. 15 For you did not receive a spirit of slavery again for fear, but you received a spirit of adoption, by which we cry, “Abba Father.” 16 The Spirit himself witnesses with our spirit that we are children of God. 17 And if children, also heirs; on one hand heirs of God, on the other joint heirs of Christ, since we suffer with him in order that we may also be glorified with him. 18 For I reckon that the sufferings of the present time are not worthy to be compared with the coming glory to be revealed to us.  19 For the anxious watching of the creation is eagerly expecting the revelation of the sons of God. 20 For the creation was subjected to vanity, not willingly, but because of the one who subjected it, in hope 21 that even the creation itself will be freed from the slavery of corruption to the freedom of the glory of the children of God. 22 For we know that all the creation groans together and travails together until now; 23 and not only so, but also ourselves, who have the firstfruit of the Spirit, we ourselves also groan in ourselves eagerly expecting adoption, the redemption of our body. 24 For we were saved by hope; but hope that is seen is not hope; for what anyone sees, why does he also hope for it? 25 But if we hope for what we do not see, through patience we eagerly expect it. 26 And similarly the Spirit also takes share in our weaknesses; for we do not know for what we should pray, but the Spirit himself supplicates on our behalf with unutterable groanings; 27 and the one who searches our hearts knows what is the mind of the Spirit, because he supplicates according to God‘s will on behalf of the saints. 28 And we know that to those who love God, God works all things together for good, to those who are called according to his purpose. 29 Because whom he foreknew, he also foreordained to be conformed to the image of his Son, that he should be firstborn among many brothers; 30 but whom he foreordained, these he also called; and whom he called, these he also justified; but whom he justified, these he also glorified. 31 Therefore what shall we say to these things?  If God is on our behalf, who can be against us?  Indeed if he did not spare his own Son, 32 but delivered him on behalf of us all, how will he not with him also freely give all things to us? 33 Who will bring a charge against God's chosen ones?  God is the one who justifies; 34 who is the one that condemns?  Christ Jesus is the one who died, but rather who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who also supplicates on our behalf. 35 Who will separate us from the love of Christ? Affliction or distress or persecution or famine or nakedness or peril or sword? 36 As it has been written, “We are being put to death all the day for your sake, we were reckoned as sheep for slaughter.” 37 But in all these things we over-conquer through the one who loved us. 38 For I have been persuaded that not death, nor life, nor angels, nor rulers, nor things present , nor things to come, nor powers, 39 nor height, nor depth, nor any other creature will be able to separate us from the love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord.

Chapter 9

I speak the truth in Christ, I do not lie, my conscience witnessing with me in the Holy Spirit, 2 that I have great grief and incessant pain in my heart. 3 For I was praying for I myself to be a curse from Christ on behalf of my brothers, my kinsmen according to flesh, 4 who are Israelites, whose are the adoption and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the law and the service and the promises, 5 whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh; the one who is over all, God blessed unto the ages, amen. 6 Not of course that the word of God has failed.  For not all those of Israel are of Israel; 7 neither are they all children because they are Abraham's seed, but, “In Isaac will be called your seed.” 8 This is, it is not the children of the flesh who are the children of God, but the children of the promise are reckoned for a seed. 9 For this is the word of promise, “At the appointed time I will come and Sarah will have a son.” 10 And not only so, but also when Rebecca had conceived from one, Isaac our father; 11 for they had not yet been born nor practiced anything good or bad, in order the purpose of God might remain according to choice, 12 not of works but of the one who called them, it was said to her, “The greater will serve the lesser;” 13 even as it has been written, “I loved Jacob, but I hated Esau.”

14 What therefore shall we say?  Is not unrighteousness with God?  May it not be. 15 For he says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will pity whomever I pity.” 16 So therefore it is not of the one who wishes, nor of the one who runs, but of the one on whom God has mercy. 17 For the scripture says to Pharaoh, I raised you up for this very thing, so that I may show forth in my power, and so that my name might be published abroad in all the earth. 18 So he has mercy on whom he has mercy, but he hardens whom he wishes. 19 You will therefore say to me, “Why does he still find fault?  For who resisted his counsel?” 20  No rather, O man, who are you who replies against God?  Will the thing say to the one who formed it, “Why did you make me this way?” 21 Or does not the potter of the clay have authority to make out of the same lump of clay this vessel to honor, that to dishonor? 22 But what if God, wishing to show forth his wrath and to make his power known, bore in much longsuffering vessels of wrath that had been fitted for destruction, 23 and in order that he might make known the riches of his glory on vessels of mercy, which he previously prepared for glory, 24 whom he also called, not only us of the Jews but also of nations? 25 As he also says in Hosea, “I will call them my people who are not my people, and those who have not been loved those who are loved;” 26 and it shall be, in the place where it was said to them, “You are not my people,” there they will be called sons of the living God. 27 But Esaias cries on behalf of Israel, “Even if the number of the sons of Israel is as the sands of the sea, only the remnant will be saved; 28 for the Lord will make an accomplished accounting and a cutting short on the earth.” 29 And as Esaias has previously said, “Except the Lord of hosts left a seed to us, we would have become as Sodom and we would have been likened to Gomorra.”

30 What therefore shall we say?  That nations that did not pursue righteousness apprehended righteousness, but a righteousness of faith; 31 but Israel who pursued a law of righteousness did not arrive at this law. 32 Why? Because it was not of faith but as of works; they stumbled at the stumbling stone, 33 as it has been written, “Behold I place in Sion a stumbling stone and a rock of offence, and the one who believes on him will not be put to shame.”

Chapter 10

Brothers, the good pleasure of my heart and my request to God on their behalf is for salvation. 2 For I witness to them that they have a zeal of God, but not according to knowledge; 3 for not knowing the righteousness of God, and seeking to establish their own, they did not submit to the righteousness of God. 4 For Christ is the end of law for righteousness to everyone who believes. 5 For Moses writes, “The one who does the righteousness of law will live by it.” 6 But the righteousness of faith says thus, “Do not say in your heart, ‘Who will ascend into heaven?’”  This is, to bring down Christ; 7 or, “Who will descend into the abyss?”  This is, to bring up Christ from the dead. 8 But what does it say?  “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart;” this is the word of faith which we proclaim. 9 Because if you confess Lord Jesus with your mouth, and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved; 10 for one believes to righteousness with the heart, and confesses to salvation with the mouth. 11 For the scripture says, “Everyone who believes on him will not be put to shame.” 12 For there is no difference between Jew and Greek.  For the same Lord of all is rich to all those who call on him; 13 for everyone whoever calls on the name of the Lord will be saved. 14 How therefore may they call on the one in whom they have not believed?  And how may they believe of whom they did not hear?  And how may they hear without one who heralds? 15 And how may they herald if they are not sent?  As it has been written, “How beautiful are the feet of the one who announces good things.” 16 But not all obeyed the gospel.  For Esaias says, “Lord, who believed when they heard us?” 17 The faith is from hearing, and the hearing through a word of Christ. 18 But I say, did they not hear?  No rather, “Their utterance went out to all the earth, and their words to the ends of the inhabited earth.” 19 But I say, did not Israel know?  First Moses says, “I will provoke you to jealousy by those not a nation, by an unintelligent nation I will anger you.” 20 But Esaias is quite bold and says, “I was found by those who did not seek me, I became manifest to those who did not inquire for me.” 21 But he says to Israel, “All the day I stretched out my hands to a disobedient and contradictory people.”

Chapter 11

I say therefore, did God put away his people?  May it not be; for even I am an Israelite, of the seed of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin. 2 God did not put away his people whom he foreknew.  Or do you not know what the scripture says in Elias, how he supplicates God against Israel? 3 “Lord, they killed your prophets, they dug down your altars, and I was left behind alone and they seek my life.” 4 But what did the divine response say to him?  “I reserved to myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.” 5 So therefore also in the present time there has become a remnant according to a choice of grace; 6 and if by grace, it is no more of works, since if of works grace becomes grace no longer. 7 What therefore? What Israel seeks after, he has not obtained, but the chosen have obtained it; and the rest were hardened, 8 as it has been written, “God gave to them a spirit of torpor, eyes not to see and ears not to hear, until the present day.” 9 And David says, “Let their table become for a snare and for a net and for an offence and for a recompense to them, 10 let their eyes be darkened to not see, and their back always bending.”

11 I say therefore, did they stumble in order that they might fall? May it not be; but by their trespass salvation came to the nations, to provoke them to jealousy. 12 But if their trespass is the riches of the world and their defect is the riches of the nations, by how much more their fullness. 13 But I speak to you the nations.  Forasmuch as indeed I am therefore an apostle of nations, I glorify my ministry, if somehow I may provoke my flesh to jealousy and may save some of them. 15 For if their casting away is the reconciliation of the world, what will be their reception if not life from the dead? 16 And if the firstfruit is holy, also the lump; and if the root is holy, also the branches. 17 But if some of the branches were broken off, and you who are a wild olive were grafted in among them and did become a partaker of the fatness of the olive tree root, 18 do not boast against the branches; but if you boast, you do not bear the root but the root you. 19 You will therefore say, “Branches were broken off in order that I might be grafted in.” 20 Well: they were broken off for unbelief, and you stand by faith. Do not mind high things, but fear; 21 for if God did not spare the branches according to nature, neither will he spare you. 22 Therefore, see the kindness and the severity of God:  on one hand, severity has fallen on them, on the other, the kindness of God on you, if you continue in his kindness, since you will also be cut off. 23 And those also, if they do not continue in unbelief, will be grafted in; for God is able to graft them in again. 24 For if you were cut out of the natural wild olive and were grafted against nature into a cultivated olive, by how much more will those who are natural be grafted into their own olive tree. 25 For I do no wish you to be ignorant, brother, of this mystery, lest you be wise in yourselves, that hardness in part has happened to Israel until the fullness of the nations comes in, 26 and so all Israel will be saved, as it has been written, “The deliverer will come out of Sion, he will turn away impiety from Jacob.” 27 And this is the covenant from me with them, when I take away their sins. 28 On one hand according to the gospel they are enemies because of you, on the other according to choice they are beloved because of the fathers; 29 for the free gifts and the calling of God are unrepented. 30 For as you disobeyed God then, but now you obtained mercy by the disobedience of these, 31 so also these now disobeyed in order that by your mercy they also may now obtain mercy. 32 For God shut up all in disobedience in order that he may show mercy to all.

33 O the depth of the riches and of the wisdom and of the knowledge of God; how inscrutable his judgments and unsearchable his ways. 34 For who knew the mind of the Lord; or who became his counselor; 35 or who previously gave to him, and it will be repaid to him? 36 All things are because of him and through him and to him; to him be glory unto the ages:  Amen.

Chapter 12

I beseech you therefore, brothers, through the compassions of God, to present your bodies a living, holy, well-pleasing-to-God sacrifice, which is your reasonable service;  and do not be conformed to this age, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what is the will of God, that which is good and well-pleasing and perfect.

3 For I say, through the grace given to me, to everyone who is among you to not have high thoughts beyond what you should think, but to think to be sober-minded, as God divided a measure of faith to each. 4 For as we have many members in one body, but all the members do not have the same action, 5 so we the many are one body in Christ, and each one members of one another. 6 And we who have differing gifts according to the grace given to us should use them, whether prophecy, according to the proportion of the faith; 7 or ministry, in the ministry; or the one who teaches, in the teaching; 8 or the one who exhorts, in the exhortation; the one who shares, in simplicity; the one who takes the lead, in diligence; the one who shows mercy, in cheerfulness. 9 Let love be unassumed. Be shrinking from the evil, cleaving to the good; 10 loving warmly in brotherly love to one another, preferring one another in honor, 11 not slothful in zeal, burning in spirit, serving the Lord, 12 rejoicing in hope, showing endurance in affliction, continuing steadfastly in prayer, 13 imparting to the needs of the saints, pursuing hospitality. 14 Bless those who persecute, bless and do not curse. 15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, weep with those who weep; 16 minding the same thing toward one another; not minding the high things, but condescending. 17 Returning to no one evil instead of evil; providing for good things before all men; 18 if possible, as far as it rests with you, seeking peace with all men; 19 not avenging yourselves, beloved, but giving place to wrath; for it has been written, “Vengeance is mine, I will repay, says the Lord. 20 But if your enemy hungers, feed him; if he thirsts, give him drink, for by doing this you will heap coals of fire on his head.” 21 Do not be conquered by the evil, but conquer the evil by the good.

Chapter 13

Let every soul be subject to superior authorities.  For there is no authority except by God, and those that exist are ordained. 2 So the one who resists the authority has opposed the ordinance of God; and they that have opposed will receive judgment to themselves. 3 For the rulers are not a fear to the good work, but to the evil.  And do you wish to not fear the authority?  Do the good, and you will have praise from it; 4 for he is a minister of God to you for the good.  But fear if you do evil; for he does not bear the sword in vain; for he is an avenging minister of God for wrath to those who practice evil. 5 Wherefore it is necessary to be subject, not only because of wrath, but also because of conscience. 6 For therefore you also pay taxes; for they are ministers of God attending constantly for this very thing. 7 Render the dues to all men, to the one due the tax render the tax, to the one due the tribute render the tribute, to the one due the fear render the fear, to the one due the honor render the honor. 8 Owe to no one anything, except to love one another; for the one who loves the other has fulfilled law. 9 For "You shall not commit adultery, You shall not steal, You shall not covet," and if there is any other commandment, it is summed up in this word, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.” 10 Love does not work evil to its neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of law. 11 And this, knowing the time, it is now an hour for you to be raised out of sleep; for our salvation is now nearer than when we believed. 12 The night has advanced, and the day has drawn near.  Therefore, let us cast off the works of the darkness, and let us put on the weapons of the light. 13 Let us walk becomingly as in the day, not in revellings and drunken bouts, not in sexual intercourse and excesses, not in strife and jealousy; 14 but put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and do not make forethought of the flesh for its lusts.

Chapter 14

Now, receive the one who is weak in the faith, not to judgments of thoughts. 2 One indeed has faith to eat all things, but the one who is weak eats herbs. 3 Do not let the one who eats despise the one who does not eat, and do not let the one who does not eat judge the one who eats, for God has received him. 4 Who are you who judges a household servant that belongs to another?  He stands or falls to his own lord; but he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand. 5 Indeed, one man judges one day above another, another judges every day alike; let each man be fully persuaded in his own mind. 6 The one who minds the day minds it to the Lord.  And the one who eats eats to the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and the one who does not eat does not eat to the Lord, and gives thanks to God. 7 For no one of us lives to himself, and no one dies to himself; 8 for whether we live, we live to the Lord, or if we die, we die to the Lord.  Whether therefore we live or if we die, we are of the Lord. 9 For Christ died and lived again for this, in order that he might be Lord of both the dead and living. 10 And why do you judge your brother?  Or why indeed do you despise your brother?  For we all shall stand before the tribunal of God. 11 For it has been written, “I live, says the Lord, that every knee will bend to me, and every tongue will confess to God.” 12 So therefore each one of us will give account to God concerning himself. 13 Therefore, let us no longer judge one another; but rather, judge this, to not put a stumbling-block to your brother or an offence. 14 I know and have been persuaded by the Lord Jesus that nothing is common through itself; except to the one who reckons anything to be common, it is common to that man. 15 For if your brother is grieved because of food, you no longer walk according to love.  Do not by your food destroy that man, on whose behalf Christ died. 16 Do not therefore let your good be blasphemed. 17 For the kingdom of God is not eating and drinking, but righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit; 18 for the one who serves Christ in this is well-pleasing to God and approved by men. 19 So therefore let us pursue the things of peace and the things for building up one another. 20 Do not undo the work of God for the sake of food.  Indeed, all things are clean, but evil to the man who eats through a stumbling-block. 21 It is good not to eat flesh nor to drink wine nor do anything by which your brother stumbles. 22 You which have faith, have it by yourself before God.  Blessed is the one who does not condemn himself in what he approves; 23 but the one who doubts has already been condemned if he eats, because it is not of faith; and all which is not of faith is sin.

Chapter 15

So we the strong ought to bear the weaknesses of the not strong, and not to please our selves. 2 Let each one of us please his neighbor for good to build him up; 3 for even Christ did not please himself; but as it has been written, “The reproaches of the one who reproaches you fell on me.” 4 For whatever things were previously written, were written for our instruction, in order that through patience we may have hope through the comfort of the writings. 5 And may the God of patience and of comfort give to you to mind the same thing among one another according to Christ Jesus, 6 in order that with one accord you may with one mouth glorify God the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.

7 Wherefore receive one another, as Christ also received us to the glory of God. 8 For I say that Christ became a minister of the circumcision on behalf of the truth of God, to confirm the promises of the fathers, 9 and of the nations to glorify God on behalf of mercy, as it has been written, “Therefore I will testify to you among nations and I will sing praise to your name.” 10 And again he says, “Be glad, nations, with his people.” 11 And again, “All the nations, praise the Lord, and let all the peoples praise him.” 12 And again Esaias says, “There shall be the root of Jesse, and one who rises up to rule nations; on him nations will hope.” 13 Now let the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that you abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.

14 But I have been persuaded, my brothers, even I myself concerning you, that you yourselves are full of goodness, that you have been filled with all knowledge, that you are also able to admonish one another. 15 And I wrote more daringly to you in part, as a reminder to you by the grace given to me from God 16 that I should be a minister of Christ Jesus to the nations, sacrificing for the gospel of God, in order that the offering of the nations may be acceptable, having been sanctified by the Holy Spirit. 17 I therefore have the ability to boast in Christ Jesus of the things that have to do with God; 18 for I will not dare to speak of the things which Christ did not work out through me for obedience of the nations, in word and work, 19 by power of signs and wonders, by power of the Spirit; so as I should fulfill the gospel of Christ from Jerusalem and around unto Illyricum. 20 And so I eagerly strive to evangelize where Christ was not named, in order that I should not build on a foundation that belonged to another, 21 but as it has been written, “They to whom it was not announced shall see concerning him, and those who have not heard will understand.” 22 Wherefore I was also hindered many times from coming to you; 23 but now that I no longer have place in these regions, and I have a desire for several years to come to you, 24 whenever I journey to Spain; for I hope while journeying through to behold you and to be set forward from there by you, if firstly I may be filled in part with you, 25 but now I am going to Jerusalem to minister to the saints. 26 For Macedonia and Achaia thought it good to make some contribution for the poor of the saints in Jerusalem. 27 For they thought it good, and they are their debtors; for if the nations shared in their spiritual things, they ought also to minister to them in the fleshly things. 28 Therefore having completed this, and having sealed this fruit to them, 29 I will go away through you to Spain; and I know that when I come to you I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ. 30 Now I beseech you, brothers, through our Lord Jesus Christ and through the love of the Spirit, to strive with me in your prayers to God on my behalf, 31 in order that I may be delivered from those who are disobedient in Judea and that my ministry to Jerusalem may be acceptable to the saints, 32 in order that coming to you in joy through the will of God I may rest with you. 33 And the God of peace be with you all:  Amen.

Chapter 16

Now I commend to you Phoebe our sister, who is also a minister of the church in Cenchrea, 2 in order that you may receive her in the Lord worthily of the saints, and you may stand by her in whatever thing she may have need of you; for she indeed became a protectress of many and of myself. 3 Greet Prisca and Aquila my fellow-workers in Christ, 4 who risked their necks on behalf of my life, to whom not only I give thanks but also all the churches of the nations, 5 also greet the church in their house.  Greet my beloved Epaenetus, who is my firstfruit for Christ of Asia. 6 Greet Mary, who labored much for you. 7 Greet Andronicus and Junius my kinsmen and my fellow-captives, who are notable among the apostles, who indeed were in Christ before me. 8 Greet my beloved Ampliatus in the Lord. 9 Greet Urbanus our fellow-worker in Christ and my beloved Stachys. 10 Greet Apelles who is approved in Christ.  Greet those of the family of Aristobulus. 11 Greet those of the family of Narcissus who are in the Lord. 12 Greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa who labor in the Lord.  Greet my beloved Persis, who labored much in the Lord. 13 Greet Rufus the chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine. 14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas, and the brothers with them. 15 Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints with them. 16 Greet one another with a holy kiss.  All the churches of Christ greet you.

17 Now I beseech you, brothers, to watch those who make the divisions and the offences among you against the teaching which you learned, and turn away from them; 18 for such men do not serve our Lord Christ, but their belly, and through fair speech and flattering speech deceive the hearts of the guileless. 19 For your obedience came to all men; therefore I rejoice over you, and I wish you to be wise to the good, but simple to the evil. 20 And the God of peace will crush Satan under your feet soon.

The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.

21 Timothy my fellow-worker greets you, and Lucius and Jason and Sosipater my kinsmen. 22 I Tertius the one who writes the epistle greet you in the Lord. 23 Gaius my host and all the church greet you.  24 Erastus the city treasurer and Quartus his brother greet you.

25 Now to the one who is able to establish you according to my gospel and the proclamation of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery that had been kept silent in eternal times, 26 but now is manifested and made known to all the nations through prophetic writings according to the command of the eternal God for obedience of faith, 27 to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, to him is the glory unto all the ages of the ages:  Amen.